Pat.#5148174: Selective reception of carrier-free radar signals with large relative bandwidth
INVENTORS: Harmuth; Henning F., Potomac, MD
ASSIGNEES: Geophysical Survey Systems, Inc., North Salem, NH
ISSUED: Sep. 15, 1992
FILED: Feb. 13, 1991
ABSTRACT: A method for generating a sequence of short radar pulses and a method plus apparatus for detecting those same short pulses when backscattered, even though they are heavily distorted by a target and have additive noise and unwanted signals superimposed on them. The method applies to pulses of long or short duration, including durations of 1 nanoseconds (1 ns) or less. The pulses are transmitted without the fine structure marking of a sinusoidal wave carrier, but organized into a coarse structure that results from incorporating them within a highly unconventional type of character, wherein a plurality of positive-going and negative-going pulses are transmitted such that each pulse is spaced apart from its neighbors. Each pulse is short, so the return signal is highly distorted. The sequence of positive-going and negative-going pulses are organized into a pattern of non-contiguous pulses that constitute a new type of "character", which may be thought of as a "spaced-apart-character". This "spaced-apart-character" is organized into a large coarse structure marking, so that a) the total transmitted energy is large, b) a receiver can selectively distinguish the wanted return signal from noise and unwanted signals, and c) reflections from targets longer than L=.DELTA.tc/2 are rejected.